China Communications Services Corporation Limited Annual Report 2015
        
        
          
            115
          
        
        
          
            NOTES TO THE
          
        
        
          
            CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
          
        
        
          For the year ended 31 December 2015
        
        
          
            2. SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
          
        
        
          
            (continued)
          
        
        
          
            (r) Cash and cash equivalents
          
        
        
          Cash and cash equivalents comprise cash at bank and on hand, demand deposits with banks and other financial
        
        
          institutions, and short-term, highly liquid investments that are readily convertible into known amounts of cash and
        
        
          which are subject to an insignificant risk of changes in value, having been within three months of maturity at
        
        
          acquisition.
        
        
          
            (s) Derivative financial instruments
          
        
        
          Derivative financial instruments are initially recognised at fair value. At each end of the reporting period the fair value
        
        
          is remeasured. The gain or loss on remeasurement to fair value is recognised immediately to profit or loss, except
        
        
          where the derivative qualify for cash flow hedge accounting or hedge the net investment in a foreign operation.
        
        
          
            (t) Employee benefits
          
        
        
          
            
              (i) Short-term employee benefits and contributions to defined contribution retirement plans
            
          
        
        
          Salaries, annual bonuses, paid annual leave, contributions to defined contribution retirement plans and the cost
        
        
          of non-monetary benefits are accrued in the year in which the associated services are rendered by employees.
        
        
          
            
              (ii) Share appreciation rights scheme
            
          
        
        
          Compensation expense in respect of the share appreciation rights granted is accrued as a charge to profit or
        
        
          loss over the applicable vesting period based on the fair value of the stock appreciation rights. The liability of
        
        
          the accrued compensation expense is remeasured to fair value at each end of the reporting period until the
        
        
          liability is settled with the effect of changes in the fair value of the liability is charged or credited to profit or
        
        
          loss. Further details of the Group’s share appreciation rights scheme are set out in note 38.
        
        
          
            
              (iii) Termination benefits
            
          
        
        
          A liability for a termination benefit is recognised at the earlier of when the group entity can no longer withdraw
        
        
          the offer of the termination benefit and when it recognised any related restructuring costs.